Charles r



C. R. SHORT. COMBINED INTAKE AND EXHAUST MANIFOLD.

APPLICAHDN HLEIJ MAY 28.19!)- Pabented Feb. 14, 1922.

INVENTOR: CHARLES R. SHORT,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES R. SHORT, 0F DETROIT. MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR T0 GENERAL MOTORS COMPANY, OF DETROIT. MICHIGAN. A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

COMBINED INTAKE AND EXHAUST MANIFOLD.

Qpplication filed Kay 28, 1917.

To 41/? ir/mnz if may concern:

lie it known that I. (nannies R. Snonr, a subject of the King of (ireat Britain, and resident of Detroit. Wayne County. State of Michigan. have invented certain new and useful Improvements in (omhined Intake and Exhaust Manifolds. of which the following is a specification.

.lhis invention relates to combined intake and exhaust manifolds and more particularly to improvements in gas conducting and distributing passages therefor.

()ne of the objects of this invention is to provide an improved arrangement and disposition of the induction and exhaust pipes of a lrvdrocarlmn motor.

Another object of this invention is to provide a multicylimler lrvdrocarhon motor with an intake manifold in which the gases througl'iout its length are maintained at a. suhstantiallv uniform temperature thereby assuring an equal density of gas for each cylinder when the motor is in operation.

Another object of this invention is to utilize the heat of the exhaust gases of an internal conlhustion engine for maintainin the ilr'olning gases at the desired temperature.

Anothcr'ohject of this invention is to provide a combined intake and exhaust inanifold. having means. for varying the application of the heat of the exhaust gases to the incoming gases. to thereby secure a sullstantiall uniform heating of said incoming gases throughout the. length of the in take manifold.

Another ohject is to prmule means for more etiiciently vaporizing a hydrocarbon fuel for an internal combustion engine, and for conductinp the resulting vapor to the engine.

These. and various other objects will more clearly appear from the following description. taken in connection with the accom- [)tlllflllg' drawings. which form apart of this specification and in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation with portions hrokcn away of a lrvdrocarlmn motor cylindcr hlock elnhodving a preferred form of lTl invention:

l igulc L is an elevation with a portion in section of the side of the manifold opposite to that illustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a transverse section suhstaotiallv on the line 3 -3 of Figure 2 Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 14, 1922.

Serial No. 171,492.

.cylinder hock for a hydrocarbon motor,

provided with OVBl'd'lBtld poppet valve mechanisms 11 and having arranged adjacent its opposite ends, a pair of exhaust ports 12. and between the end exhaust orts are another pair of exhaust ports 12'. ach end port 12 leads from a single cylinder, and each intermediate port 12 leads to a pair of branches not shown. communicating with adjacent cylinders. The cylinder block is also provided with three equidistantly arranged intake ports 13, each adapted-t0 com municate with a pair of adjacent cylinders. An intake manifold 14 and an exhaust manifold 15 are formed side by side in an integral casting 16. The intake manifold 14 has formed at one end, an inlet port 17. and equidistantly arranged along its lengths, are outlet ports 18 adapted to register with the cylinder inlet ports 13, when the manifold is in position on the block.

The exhaust manifold 15 is formed adjacent its opposite ends and intermediate thereof with four inlet ports 19 which are adapted to register with the exhaust ports 12 and 12' of the cylinder block. fold is also provided with an outlet port 20 at the end adjacent to the inlet port 17 of the intake manifold 14. so that the incoming and exhaust erases in the adjacent manifolds flow in opposite directions.

It will also he noted that the gases in each manifold will never change in direction. that is. they are always adapted to flow from one'end toward the other. This will eliminate any undesirable tendency to build up a back pressure, and it also facilitates a more uniform distribution and flow of the gases.

Adjacent the inlet port 17 and the trans versely extending passage 21 of the intake manifold. the exhaust manifold 15 is formed with a'larger jacketin surface than at other portions thereof, to thereby accomplish the heating of this portion of the manifold to a higher temperature than other portions thereof. This enlarged heating jacket is and the intake manifold 14 at this lot- This manition is also enlarged as at 22, particularly shown in Figure 3 for providing a greater heat absorbing surface, it being appreciated that the intake and exhaust manifolds have a common wall at this enlarged portion of the manifold structure, while beyond this point and throughout the rest of the length thereof said two manifolds although extending substantially parallel with one another are in effect separate and distinct from one another, although they are preferably connected together by the connecting bridges 23. to be hereinafter more particularly referred to.

It is of course desirable to prevent the entrance of unvaporized fuels into the intake manifold, and a greater amount of heat s ould be applied at the manifolds inlet th n at any other portion. It will also be understood that as the gases enter the intake manifold their temperature is lowest. Therefore, in order to maintain the temperature of the incoming gases at a substantially uniformtemperature throughout the length of the intake manifold and thereby assure an equal volume of gas to each cylinder, I so form and proportion the exhaust manifold 15, relative to the intake manifold 14, that a greater amount of heat is conducted from the former to the latter adjacent its inlet port 17 than at other )ortions thereof. It is to be noted that both of the manifolds diminish in size from the end in which the manifold inlet port 17 and the outlet portQZO are formed toward their opposite ends. In other words, the heating effect of the exhaust manifold 15 on the intake manifold 14 is at its minimum at the end opposite to the inlet port 17 of the manifold 14.

Distributed along the casting 16 between the intake and exhaust manifolds are a pin rality of bridges or heat-conducting members 23 in the form of bosses 24, preferably provided with grooves 25. Bolts 26 are adapted to he passed through suitable orifices extending through these bosses for securing the manifolds in position on the cylinder block. and some of these bridges or connecting members 23 may have the molecular thermal conductivitv thereof rcdnced as by cracking the bridges across from groove to groove, and thus the heating cf fcct will be reduced. it is sometimes found that as a result of a difference in valve timing or in compression or for other reasons. difl'crcnt motors ofthc same size and cquippcd with similarly formed and dimcnsioncd manifolds built according to my invcntiou will produce a different hcutim ctl'cct. of the gases. This may he adjustcd in the manucr which l havc just dcscrihcd.

'lhe hridgcs 22% may he lu'okcn at lhc holt. passages which cxtcnd through thcm lrv forcing suitable wedges into said pussugcs. m

broken or cut across to thereby interrupt their continuity.

\Vhile my invention results in many other advantages, my chief object is to provide means for effectin a uniform distribution of gases to the different cylinders, at substantially the same temperature, regardless of the distance betweenthe cylinder inlet port and the manifold inlet port, and this is accomplished by the adjustment of the molecular connection between the intake and exhaust manifolds, whereby the heat conducted from the exhaust manifold to the inlet manifold at various laces throu hout its length may be control ed. It wil also be seen that my construction results in an arrangement wherein the gases of the intake manifold are at all times flowing in the same direction, and a like result is also produced in the exhaust manifold. This produces minimum back ressures.

While I have described and will specifically claim what I deem to be a preferred embodiment of my invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art, that various modifications and changes may be made,

without departing from the spirit and scope 7 hereof. 7

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patcnt is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a gas intake ma ifold having an intake port arranged adjace t one end thereof and having a plurality of outlet ports, of an exhaust manifold arranged adjacent to said inlet manifold and adapted to have its thermal conductivity altered to apply a greater or lesser amount of heat to the latter at varying places throughout the length thcreof.

2. The combination with an internal combustion engine, of integral intake and exhaust manifolds. said intake and said exhaust cnch having a port adjacent one end thcrcof and having a plurality of ports distributed along their respective lengths and a plurality' of bosses connccting v aid intake and exhaust manifolds and adapted to have thcir thci'mul conductivitv ultcrcd to givc n dcsircd tcmpcraturc to said iutakc manifold.

other and both fold and which manifolds extend beyond said jacketing portion in. p-arallel"1'elation with one another. and are integrally con nec ted together beyond said jacketing portion at predetermined intervals.

4. In combination, an intake and an exhaust manifold arranged alongside and connected with one another at intervals througlr out their length by a plurality of bridges formed integrally with the walls of said manifolds, and which manifolds are provided each with a plurality of ports arranged substantially in line and through which communications may be established between the interiors of said manifolds and the cylinders of an engine with which said manifolds are used; and an inlet pasage leading into said intake manifold and an exhaust passage leading out from said exhaust manifold. said passages being arranged adjacent one an at one and the same end of the structure formed by said manifolds.

In combination. an intake and an exhaust manifold arranged alongside and con-- nectcd with one another at intervals throughout their length through and by means of a plurality of metallic. connecting members. and which manifolds are provided each with a plurality of ports arranged substantially in line and through which conmiunications may be established between the interiors of said manifolds and the cylinders of an engine with which said manifolds are used; and an inlet passage leading into said intake manifold and an exhaust passage leading out from said exhaust manifold, said )assages being arranged adjacent one another and both at one and the same end of the structure formed by said manifolds.

(l. in mmbination. an intake and an exhaust nnlnifohl arranged alongside and connected with one another at intervals through out their length by a plurality of bridges formed integrally with the walls of said manifolds, and which manifolds are provided each with a pluralityof ports arranged snl'istantially in line and through which comniunications may be established between the interiors of said manifolds and the cylinders of an engine with which said manifolds are used; and an inlet. passage leading into said intake manifold and an exhaust passage leading out from said exhaust manifold and both of which passages are disposed transverse to the longitudinal axes of said manifolds. said passages being arranged adjacent one another and both at one end and the same end of the structure formed by said manifolds.

T. in combination. an intake and an exhaust manifold arranged alongside and connected with one another at intervals throughout their length by a plurality of bridges formed integrally with the walls of said manifolds. and which manifolds are provided each with a plurality of ports arranged substantially in line and through which communications may be established between the interiors of said manifolds and the cylinders of an engine with which said manifolds are used; and an inlet passage leading into said intake manifold and an exhaust passage leading out from said exhaust manifold. said passages being arranged adjacent one another and both at one and the same end of the structure formed by said manifolds; the cross-sectional areas of reatest adjacent said passages. and decreasing along the length of said manifolds.

8. in combination. an intake and an exhaust manifold arranged alongside and connected with one another at intervals throng1 out their length by bridges formed integra ly with the walls of said manifold and which bridges are provided each with a hole through which a securing bolt may pass. saidmanifolds hcing provided each with a plurality of ports arranged substantially in line and throngh'which connnunications may be established between the interiors of said mamfolds and the cylinders of an engine with which said manifolds are used; and an inlet passage leading into said intake manifold and an exhaust passage leading out from said exhaust manifold, said passages being arranged adjacent one another and both at one and the same end of the structure formed by said manifolds.

9. In combination, an intake and an exhaust manifold arranged alongside and connected with one another at intervals throughout their length by bridges formed'integrally with the walls of said manifolds and which bridges are provided each with a hole through which a. securing bolt may extend. said manifolds being provided each with a plurality of ports arranged substantially in line and through which communications may be established between the interiors of said manifolds and the cylinders of the engine with which said manifolds are used: and an inlet passage leading into said intake manifold and an exhaust passage leading out from said exhaust man fold, said pas sages being arranged adjacent one another and both at one and the same end of the structure formed by said manifolds: the cross'sectional areas of said manifolds being greatest adjacent said passages and progressively decreasing throughout the length of said manifolds.

10. in combination. a single integral casting shaped toprovide an intake and an exhaust nranifold arranged alongside one another and having a common wall throughout a portion of their extent but which manifolds are separate and distimt from one another throughout the greater portion of their length. and which manifolds are provided each with a plurality of ports arranged substantially in line and said manifolds being 7 through which communications may be established between the interiors of. said manifolds and the cylinders of an engine with which said manifolds are used; and an inlet passage leading into said intake manifold and an exhaust passage leading out from said exhaust manifold, said passages being ar ranged adjacent one another and both at the ends of said manifolds at which the common wall aforesaid is located.

11. In combination, a single integral castin shaped to provide an intake and an exhaust manifold arranged alongside one another and having a common wall throughout a portion of their extent but which mani folds are separate and distinct from one another throughout the greater portion of their length, and which manifolds are provided each with a plurality of ports an ranged substantially in line and through which mmmunications may be established between the interiors of said manifolds and the cylinders of an engine with which said r'ninifolds are used; and an inlet passage leading into said intake manifold and an exhaust passage leading out from said exhaust manifold, said passages being arranged adjacent one another and both at the ends of said manifolds at which the common wall aforesaid is located; the crosssectiomd areas of said manifolds being greatest adjacent said passages and progressively decreasing throughout the length of said manifolds.

12. In combination, a single integral east in" shaped to provide an intake and an ex iaust manifold arranged alongside one another and having a common wall throughout a portion of their extent but which manifolds are separate and distinct from one another throughout the greater portion of their length, and which manifolds are pnovided each with a plurality of ports arranged substantially in line and through which communications may be established between the interiors of said manifolds and the cylinders of an engine with which said manifolds are used; and an inlet passage leading into said intake manifold and an exhaust passage heading out from said exhaust manifold, said' passages being arranged adjacent one anothcr and both at the ends of said manifolds at which the common wall aforesaid is located, and both of them being disposed transverse to the ma es of said manifolds.

13. Ineomhmation, a single integral casting shaped to provide an. intake and an exhaustmanifold arranged alongside one another and having a common wall throughout a portion of their extent but which manifolds are separate and distinct from one another throughout the greaten )ortion of their length and are connectei with one another by means of metallic bridges located along said last mentioned portion, and which manifolds are provided each with a plurality of ports arranged substantially in line and through which communications may be established between the interiors of said manifolds and the cylinders of an engine with which said manifolds are used. said bridges being provided each with a hole through which a securing bolt may extend; and an inlet passage leading into said intake manifold and an exhaust passage leading out from said exhaust manifold, said passages being other and both at the ends of said manifolds at which the common wall aforesaid is located.

In testimony whereof I allix my signature.

CHARLES R. SHORT.

arranged adjacent one an-' 

